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Available methods

From the broad range of offers of surgical vision correction in European countries and the U.S. most commonly used methods are Lasik and Epilasik and so-called "Treatment to measure".

The appropriate operation is chosen individually for each patient based on the type and size of the eye defect, the size of higher-order aberrations, age, corneal thickness, width of the pupil and on the basis of their needs and requirements. In the case of more complex defects sometimes, we have to combine different surgical procedures. Using all the possibilities of modern refractive surgery can help now correct almost all the defects of vision with a minimum of risk.

PRK

The first widely used method of laser vision correction was photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

It involves removing the epithelium (the superficial layer of corneal anatomy) in parts of central and fine fotoablation (modeling) the deeper layers of the cornea. Epithelium is renewed in the healing process. The modeling of short-sightedness (fotoablation) consists of flattening the central part of cornea - reducing breaking power of the cornea. With hyperopia the modeling runs paracentral to emphasize the center - to increase the breaking power of the cornea.

1. Preparation - putting on distractors, disinfection of the operating field, providing local anesthesia.

2. Mechanical removal of a thin layer of epithelial.

3. Laser action.

4. Rinsing the operation field.

5. Applications of local drugs.

6. Putting on therapeutic contact lens.

LASIK

Currently thi is the best known and most frequently used method in the world.

The term LASIK was introduced by the Greek I. Pallikarisa - the creator of this method.

The whole procedure takes about 10 minutes. The patient feels significantly less discomfort than with other methods. With this method, both eyes may be operated simultaneously.

It involves cutting the corneal flap (the deeper layer, being the heart of cornea) and his "tilting". After the laser fotoablation the petal is set to the original place. Cutting the corneal flap is carried out with the use of microkeratome (electrical device with a cutting head) or the use of a femtosecond laser Nd: YAG laser (Intra Lase).

1. Preparation - putting on distractors, disinfection of the operating field, providing local anesthesia.

2. Putting microkeratome on the eyeball - performing the cut of the hinged corneal flap, tilting the flap.

3. Laser action.

4. Rinsing the operation field.

5. Laying the flap in its original place and drying.

6. Applications of local drugs.

LASEK

In 1998, Dr M. Camellin in Italy, described the newer technique of refractive surgery - LASEK (Laser Assisted Sub-Epithelial Keratectomy), consisting of creating a thin flap of corneal epithelium with the use of alcohol solution, laser fotoablation and reposition of the petal. This method allows preservation of corneal epithelium, affecting positively the course of healing after surgery. This method eliminated all complications associated with the preparation (cutting) the corneal flap.

1. Preparation - putting on distractors, disinfection of the operating field, providing local anesthesia.

2. Application of alcohol, rinsing the operation field and mechanical dissection of the flap from a thin layer of epithelial.

3. Laser action.

4. Rinsing the operation field.

5. Laying the flap in its original location.

6. Applications of local drugs.

7. Putting on therapeutic contact lens.

Epi-LASIK

The latest laser vision correction method was presented in 2003 by I. Pallikarisa - this is the epi-LASIK technique. It involves the preparation of the cornea to the laser fotoablation by mechanical separation of the epithelial flap with the use of epikeratome (electrical device that separates the epithelium) without the use of alcohol.

1. Preparation - putting on distractors, disinfection of the operating field, providing local anesthesia.

2. Putting the epikeratome - separation of the hinged flap of corneal epithelium.

3. Laser action.

4. Rinsing the operation field.

5. Laying the flap in its original location.

6. Applications of local drugs.

7. Putting on therapeutic contact lens.

SBK LASIK NEW!

With the use of femtosecond laser in the SBK method the created corneal flap is thinner than a typical LASIK (in SBK - 110 microns, in LASIK - 120-160 microns), it also has a smaller diameter. This allows for rapid visual rehabilitation and reduces the risk of dry eye syndrome and ectasy.

1. Preparation - putting on distractors, disinfection of the operating field, providing local anesthesia.

2. Application of alcohol, rinsing the operation field and mechanical dissection of the flap from a thin layer of epithelial.

3. Laser action.

4. Rinsing the operation field.

5. Laying the flap in its original location.

6. Applications of local drugs.

7. Putting on therapeutic contact lens.

Tailor-made treatment called "wavefront"

Type of a laser correction, at which the program applies an individual correction. Using this program allows for the correction of higher order aberrations that exist before the treatment, and prevent their appearance after the surgery operation, which significantly improves visual acuity. This method involves creating a detailed map of the eye, which is sent to the laser, and on its basis an algorithm of piloting the laser beam is created.